Manuscript Instructions

Research Reviews (RR) encourages the authors to submit their esteemed work, in English, concerning fundamental and clinical aspects of all areas under the following sections

• Editorial
• Review Articles
• Original Article
• Case Reports
• Brief Communications
• Comments/Letters to the Editor

Submission of Article
Articles must be original & are to be submit through online submission process Authors are requested to kindly follow "Manuscript Instructions" during preparation of manuscript.

Things to Note

• Manuscript should be in 'Times New Roman' font, size 12, 1.5 space throughout.
• Text to be send via email as Microsoft Word (.doc) file electronic format.
• The Article must be submitted along with covering letter & copyright form of the Research Reviews (RR)
• Submitted materials shall not be returned, whether or not they are accepted; therefore please retain a copy of all materials sent.

Correspondence

All submissions should be accompanied by the e-mail ID of corresponding author. All correspondence regarding the papers will be sent to the corresponding author unless specifically indicated otherwise at the time of submission. All correspondence from the Editorial Board shall be through e-mail only.

Article Format

Editorials are solicited by the Editorial Board and therefore should be sent only on our request. Guidelines for other articles are given below: Basic Requirements: Articles submitted to Research Reviews (RR) shall conform to the Best Practice Guidelines based on COPE’s (Committee on Publication Ethics). For this, kindly go through Publication Ethics. Originality: By submitting paper for publication to Research Reviews (RR), Authors (all authors of the article) certify that;

• Authors are fully aware that plagiarism is illegal & wrong and authors know that plagiarism is the use of another person’s idea or published work and to pretend that it is one’s own.
• Authors declare that each contribution to their article or project have been acknowledged and source of information from other peoples’ published or unpublished works have been cited referenced.
• Author(s) certify that they/you are solely responsible for text of the article and work included in the article along with any incomplete reference.

Authorship

Research Reviews (RR) recommends following 4 criteria should be met for authorship:

• Substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work; or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data for the work; AND
• Drafting the work or revising it critically for important intellectual content; AND
• Final approval of the version to be published; AND
• Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.

Copyright

The author warrants that the article is original, written by stated author(s), has not been published before, contains no unlawful statements, does not infringe the rights of others, is subject to copyright that is vested exclusively in the author and free of any third party rights, and that any necessary written permissions to quote from other sources have been obtained by the author(s).

Disclosure of commercial interests

Sources of support for the research or article must be acknowledged in the paper and any financial involvement that might indicate a conflict of interests should be disclosed at the time of submission.

Patient Anonymity and Consent

Since Research Reviews (RR) is largely available for public access, ethical and legal considerations mandate that patients’ anonymity be preserved. Research papers must indicate informed consent for procedures and the involvement of an ethical committee, proof of which may be required in the review process of the paper.

Format

1. The First Page (also includes the covering letter) to be downloaded from the journal website which comprises of:
• The type of manuscript (original article, case report review article, Letter to editor, etc.)
• Title of the manuscript along with running title.
• Full name/s, qualifications, affiliations and designation of the author/s.
• Address for correspondence of corresponding author.
• E-Mail and contact number of corresponding author.
• Total number of pages.
• Total number of photographs.
• Word counts for abstract & text (excluding abstract, acknowledgments, conflict of interest, figure, legends and references) separately.
• Source(s) of support in the form of grants, equipment, drugs or all of these.
2. Abstract and key words on the next page along with 3 to 5 key words. Keywords should be the listed terms in the medical subject’s headings (MeSH) of the Index  Medicus, to help in easy indexing.
3. The article, in the format given below, should follow in the subsequent pages.

S.No	Manuscript	Word limit for abstract	Word limit for manuscript	Type of Abstract	No. of Tables/Graphs/images & photos.	References
1.	Editorial	25-50	1000–1500	-	-	-
2.	Original Article	250	3000–4000	Structured	4 tables, 4 graphs, 3 images/photos	Atleast 15
3.	Brief Communication	200-250	1200–1500	UnStructured	1 table, 1 graph, 1 image/photo	Atleast 10
4.	Review Article	200-250	Not more than 5000	UnStructured	-	30-50
5.	Case Report	150-200	Not more than 1500	UnStructured	2 tables, 2 graphs, 2 images/photos	Atleast 10
6.	Letter to Editor	25-50	500-800	UnStructured	-	Upto 5

Components of articles

• Articles submitted to Research Reviews (RR) shall conform to the Best Practice Guidelines based on COPE’s (Committee on Publication Ethics). For this, kindly go through Publication Ethics.

• For Systematic Review Articles, Original Article: Title, Authors and affiliations, Abstract (structured), Introduction, Material & methods including Statistics, Results, Discussion, Acknowledgements, References, Tables & Figures (Photos as.GIF/.JPG/.TIFF as separate file, if applicable). The number of authors should not exceed six, including the corresponding author.
• For Case Reports, Short Communications: Title, Authors and affiliations, Abstract (unstructured), Introduction, Case Report (Results), Discussion, Acknowledgements and References, Tables & Figures (Photos as .GIF/.JPG/.TIFF as separate file, if applicable). The number of authors should not exceed four, including the corresponding author.
• For Comments/Letters to the Editor: Title, Authors and affiliations, Abstract, Introduction, Discussion and References. The number of authors should not exceed four, including the corresponding author.

 

Title: Short, meaningful and interesting, preferably not more than 12 words (or 72 characters) in length. 
Authors and affiliations: Full name, qualifications, designation and institutional affiliation of all authors, complete postal address, contact number and e-mail ID of corresponding author. 

Abstract: Stating the purpose(s) of the study or investigation, basic procedures and methodology, important findings and principal conclusions. Emphasis should be on new and important aspects of the study or observations. No references allowed. All original full length articles and systematic reviews should contain a structured abstract with not more than 250 words under the following headings: Background, objectives, Material & Methods along with statistical analysis used, Results and Conclusions. Case Reports, short communication should contain unstructured abstract with 200-250 words. 

Introduction: Brief review of the subject or background; purpose of the article and /or rationale for the study; pertinent references only. 

Material & methods: Selection criteria, details of the methods/procedures so that others can reproduce the same. For established methods, give references; for not so well known methods, give brief description and references; for new or substantially modified methods, give details, reasons for use and for modification(s) and limitations. Drug(s) and chemical(s) should be precisely identified by generic name(s), dose(s) and route(s) of administration. Reports of randomized clinical trials should present information on all major study elements, including the protocol, assignment of interventions (methods of randomization, concealment of allocation to treatment groups), and the method of masking (blinding), based on the CONSORT Statement (http://www.consort-statement.org).

Initiative	Type of Study	Source
CONSORT	Randomized controlled trials	http://www.consort-statement.org
STARD	Studies of diagnostic accuracy	http://www.consort-statement.org/stardstatement.htm
QUOROM	Systematic reviews and meta-analyses	http://www.consort- statement.org/Initiatives/MOOSE/moose.pdf
STROBE	Observational studies in epidemiology	http://www.strobe-statement.org
MOOSE	Meta-analyses of observational studies in epidemiology	http://www.consort- statement.org/Initiatives/MOOSE/moose.pdf

Statistics: Whenever possible quantify findings and present them with appropriate indicators of measurement error or uncertainty (such as confidence intervals). Authors should report losses to observation (such as, dropouts from a clinical trial). When data are summarized in the Results section, specify the statistical methods used to analyze them. Define statistical terms, abbreviations, and most symbols. Specify the computer software used. Use upper italics (P 0.048). For all P values include the exact value and not less than 0.05 or 0.001.

Ethics: When reporting studies on human beings, indicate whether the procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional or regional) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2000 (available at http://www.wma.net/e/policy/17-c_e.html). For prospective studies involving human participants, authors are expected to mention about approval of (regional/ national/ institutional or independent Ethics Committee or Review Board, obtaining informed consent from adult research participants and obtaining assent for children aged over 7 years participating in the trial. The age beyond which assent would be required could vary as per regional and/ or national guidelines. Ensure confidentiality of subjects by desisting from mentioning participants’ names, initials or hospital numbers, especially in illustrative material. When reporting experiments on animals, indicate whether the institution’s or a national research council’s guide for, or any national law on the care and use of laboratory animals was followed. Evidence for approval by a local Ethics Committee (for both human as well as animal studies) must be supplied by the authors on demand. Animal experimental procedures should be as humane as possible and should be clearly stated. The ethical standards of experiments must be in accordance with the guidelines provided by the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki on Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Humans for studies involving experimental animals and human beings. The journal will not consider any paper which is ethically unacceptable. A statement on ethics committee permission and ethical practices must be included in all research articles under the ‘Materials and Methods’ section.

Results: Present in logical sequence in text, tables and illustrations, avoid repeating the data. 
Discussion: Emphasize the new and important aspects of the study and the conclusions that follow, the implications and the limitations; relate to other relevant studies; avoid repeating the details given in introduction and/or results. 

Acknowledgements: For contributions that need acknowledging but do not justify authorship, with prior permission from the persons being acknowledged. Limit to ten. 

References: Accuracy of citation is the author’s responsibility. The reference style is given below and conforms to the Vancouver style. Each reference should be assigned a number, consecutively in the order of mention in the text. The original number should be reused each time the same reference is cited in the text. The number should be placed in the text within square brackets [1], outside the full-stops and commas and inside colons and semi-colons. When multiple references are cited at a given place in the text, use a hyphen to join the first and last numbers that are inclusive and use commas to separate non-inclusive numbers.[2-5,7,10] The list of references should be given at the end of the paper. Where there are 6 or less authors, list ALL the authors. Where there are more than 6 authors, use et al after mentioning the names of six authors.

Example

1. Journal articles: Rahman AN, De Castro GD, Moreno T, Susin C, Albandar JM, Oppermann RV, et al. Azithromycin as a adjunctive treatment of aggressive periodontitis: 12-months randomized clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol. 2008;35(8):696-704. 
2. Journal Article:Website Tasdemir T, Yesilyurt C, Ceyhanli KT, Celik D, Er K. Evaluation of apical filling after root canal filling by 2 different techniques. J Can Dent Assoc [Internet]. 2009 Apr [cited 2009 Jun 14];75(3):[about 5pp.]. Available from: http://www.cdaadc. ca/jcda/vol-75/issue-3/201.html 
3. BookMiles DA, Van Dis ML, Williamson GF, Jensen CW. Radiographic imaging for the dental team. 4th ed. St. Louis: Saunders Elsevier; 2009. 
4. Chapter in a BookAlexander RG. Considerations in creating a beautiful smile. In: Romano R, editor. The art of the smile. London: Quintessence Publishing; 2005. p. 187-210. 
5. E-book Irfan A. Protocols for predictable aesthetic dental restorations [Internet]. Oxford: Blackwell Munksgaard; 2006 [cited 2009 May 21]. Available from Netlibrary: http://cclsw2.vcc.ca:2048/login?url=http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary& v=1&bookid=181691 
6. Tables
   Each Table should be typed on a separate page in the article file and numbered consecutively in Arabic numerals. Necessary explanatory notes, if any, may be given below the Table. Figures /Illustrations/Photographs Photographs of 300 dpi or higher resolution may be submitted as ‘.jpg’, or ‘.tiff ‘files (unzipped) as a separate file attached to the manuscript. For clinical photographs, subject (s) identity should be suitably masked; in case this is not possible, a written permission from the concerned person should accompany the manuscript. Legends to Figures The Figure number (numbered consecutively in Arabic numerals), title and explanations of the Figures should appear in the legend (not on the Figure). Type the legends on a separate page. Enough information should be included to interpret the Figure without reference to the text. Units Units of measurement should be given in metric units. All bio-clinical measurements should be given in conventional units, with System International d’unites (SI) units given in parenthesis. Generic rather than trade names of drugs should be used.

Editorial-Peer Review process

Kindly go through Journal website (Editorial-Peer Review Section).