##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##

Steven Cates Jason Jackson Matthew Temmer

Abstract

ABSTRACT

This study considered the effect of tinkering, both individual and organizational, upon leadership confidence. Leadership confidence was expressed via eight facets of leadership confidence to include: empowerment, recognition, influence, expertise, strategy, goals, innovation, and opportunity. Each facet was tested for both correlation coefficients, which were evaluated for strength. Also, regression analysis was conducted to test for association between dependent and independent variables. Of 16 tests conducted, only 3 had statistical significance as a measure of moderate or weak association. Individual tinkering was found to have association with strategy. Both individual and organizational tinkering was found to have association with opportunity. Future research on more detailed connections between opportunity and tinkering is advised.

How to Cite

Cates, S., Jackson, J. J., & Temmer, M. . (2022). A SUBTLE FORM OF INNOVATIVE AND CREATIVE LEADERSHIP: THE ART OF TINKERING AS A LEADERSHIP SKILL. Research Review, 3(03), 752–763. https://doi.org/10.52845/RR/2022-3-3-1

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##

##article.keywords##

Leadership, Tinkering, Innovation, Creativity

##article.references##
1. 3BLMedia (2021). 4 Sustainability issuesfor business and government.
URL:https://www.3blmedia.com/news/4-sustainability-issues-business-and-government
2. Clampitt, P.G., & DeKoch, J.D. (2010).Transforming leaders into progressmakers: Leadership for the 21st century.SAGE Publications, Inc.
3. Elmqvist, T., Siri, J., Andersson, E. et al.(2018). Urban tinkering. Sustain Sci 13(1),1549–1564.URL:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-018-0611-0
4. Graham, J., (2016). 5 ways tinkering is‘serious business’ that will strengthen abrokerage. URL:https://www.benefitnews.com/advisers/opinion/5-ways-tinkering-is-serious-business-that-will-strengthen-a-brokerage.
5. Jevnaker, B. & Olaisen, J. (2021).Leadership for sustainability: Theimportance of sustaining, imaginativework. Proceedings of the EuropeanConference on Management, Leadership &Governance, pps 223-232.
6. Johari, N. M. (2013). Table 3.2.2. Strengthvalues of correlation coefficients, as foundin: Stress and coping strategiesamong commuter and non-commuterstudents (p. 31).
a.URL:https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309209846_Stress_and_Coping_Strategies
b._among_Commuter_and_Non-commuter_Students
7. Morgan Stanley Institute for SustainableInvesting (2022),https://www.morganstanley.com/what-we-do/institute-for-sustainable-investing/?cid=pp71700000088127708:700000002375621: 58700007477269439:p67225303599&gclid
=Cj0KCQjwuMuRBhCJARIsAHXdnqMyOIjnmCIcLWX6AanR8jVlA9SKUfYHkf4gTEpEIM_Xho68IRS5LcaAlp4EALw_wcB&gclsrc=aw.ds
8. R Core Team (2021). R: A language andenvironment for statistical computing. RFoundation for Statistical Computing,Vienna, Austria. URL: https://www.R-project.org/.
9. Roberts, S., & Rowley, J. (2008).Leadership: The challenge for theinformation profession. Facet Publishing.
10. Srivastava, T.P. (2019). Innovating in asecret world: The future of nationalsecurity and global leadership. PotomacBooks. Studio Team (2021). Studio:Integrated development environment forR. Studio, PBC, and Boston, MA. URL:https://rstudio.com.
11. Swart, D. (2013). The development of aninnovation leadership questionnaire. URL:
a.http://citeseerx.ist.psu.eduWickham et al., (2019). Welcometo the tidyverse. Journal of OpenSource Software,
4(43), 1686.URL:https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.01686. Wickham, H., & Bryan, J. (2019).readxl: Read Excel files. R
packageversion 1.3.1.
b.URL:https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=readxl.
12. Wickham, H., François, R., Henry L., &Müller, K. (2022). dplyr: A grammar ofdata manipulation. R package version1.0.8. URL: https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=dplyr.
13.Wickham, H. & Girlich, M. (2022). tidyr:Tidy messy data. R package version 1.2.0.
a.URL:https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=tidyr.
14. Wickham, H. & Grolemund, G. (2017). Rfor data science: Import, tidy, transform,visualize, and model data. Boston:O’Reilly.
Section
Management and Economics